Apparatus for forcing liquids adapted for feeding steam-boilers.



UNITED STATES i ATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES CAILLE, OF BRY-S'UR-MARNE, FRANCE.

APPARATUS FOR FORCING LIQUIDS ADAPTED FOR FEEDING STEAM-BOILERS.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 714,096, dated November 18, 1902:

Application filed September 6, 1901. Serial No. 74,506. (No model.')

To @ZZ whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES CAILLE, engineer, of 3l Rue de la Ppinire, Bry-sur- Marne, Seine, in the Republic of France, (whose post-office address is the same,) have invented certain new and useful Apparatus for Forcing Liquids Particularly Applicable for the Feeding of Steam-Generators; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention',

such as will enable others skilled in the artA to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

The invention which is the subject of the present demand for a patent refers to an apparatus for forcing liquids which is particularly applicable for the feeding of steam-generators.

The apparatus I have invented is suitable for the feeding of'any receiver-such as a boiler, for example-whatever be the pressure in this latter or the temperature of the feed liquid.

Figure l is a diagrammatic view of the apparatus. Figs. 2 and 3 represent one method of construction. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation through the axis, and Fig. 3 a horizontal section through A B of Fig. 2.

The apparatus consists in principle of a special pump-cylinder f, having at its lower end a pipe g, which communicates with the receiver to be fed and is provided with a nonreturn valve c. The cylinder of the pump (in which a piston p works and in which the filling is done automatically by means of simple descent through the pipe i and through the one'or more orifices of admission o of a liquid subjected to a head due to that in the .reservoir sduring the upward or return stroke of the piston without suction by this latter) is characterized by a pipe t, open to the atmosphere and which is in communication with the cylinderof the pump during the time the inlet to the cylinder is open and the water is iiowing into the same from the tank and in which also the communication with the cylinder is cut off as soon as the piston begins its working stroke and begins to force the water. This pipe is always full of water at the same level as in the reservoirs and opens into the atmosphere at a higher point than this level. The vapors which form in the cylinder of the pump f escape through this pipet and condense in the water which it contains. The cylinder of the pumpfcan thus be completely filled with liquid at any temperature Whatever.

If we take the piston in the position which it occupies in Fig. l-that4 is to say, at the commencement of its working stroke-the liquid from the receiver s descends freely by its own Weight into the cylinder of the pumpfand entirely fills it. The air or the vapors escape from the liquid by difference of density and rise through an orifice q into the pipe t. Vhen the piston p descends, it closes in its passage the orifices o and q, and immediately it has passed the lower edge of the orifices oit forces before it the liquid which has just accumulated automatically. The valve c opens and the fluid is forced through g into the receiver which is to be fed. When the piston ascends, the valve C closes under the action of a counteracting spring r and under the inuence of the pressure in the receiver. Immediately the piston has returned to the position in Fig. l and as soon as it has uncovered the lower edge of the orifices 0 the automatic filling of the cylinder foccurs by simple descent of the liquid, following the principle of communicating vessels, without its being necessary for the pu mp to form a vacuum to insure this taking place. The airand vapors escape through pipe t, and the vapors condense in the water this contains. The apparatus thus works very systematically without any back pressure on the piston p, and the cylinder of the pumpfis always entirely filled.

In practice the pipet should be of much less diameter than that of the pipe 'L' for the admission of the water to prevent any tendency of the air and vapors to escape through this latter and to insure that this escape should take place entirely and regularly through the pipe t being placed for that purpose, in order that water may flow into the cylinder of the pump without hindrance.

In the method of construction as represent'- ed in Figs. 2 and 3 the cylinder of thepump f, pierced with orifices o and provided at its lower end with a valve c, subject to the action of a spring r; carried in aplug d, is surmount- ICO the connecting-rod U has an expansion 'n formed in one with the piston and constituting acompensating piston. The head, properly speaking, of the piston is guided by a sleeve u, which is virtually a prolongation of the cylinder of the pump f. The compensating arrangement is to prevent during the strokes of the piston all oscillation in the pipes t and t as well as in the cylinder a itself. The cylinder a, as well as serving to guide the piston and to carry the pipes@l and t, is at the same time a vessel full of water, which facilitates the filling of the cylinder f, which can thus be done more rapidly than by a simple admission-pipe.

The section and number of the orifices o can be increased if necessary.

I have said that the piston-rod headn constitutes a compensating arrangement for preventing the movements of oscillation in the pipes. For example, when the piston ,fp descends it tends to produce by its lower portion suction in the pipes i and t; but the upper portion n, on the contrary, tends to produce an equivalent forcing action, since the surfaces of these two pistons are equal. The same effectot compensating is conversely produced when the pistons ascend.

The apparatus described can be used to compress or distribute water or any other liquid at any temperature into a receiver at any pressure-for example, for feeding boilers or to circulate cooling Water in internalcombustion engines.

I claim- 1. An apparatus for forcing liquids comprising a cylinder and piston, a pressure-supply, means of communication between the said cylinder and pressure-supply comprising an inlet-pipe whereby the cylinder will lill automatically under the head of Water during the upward or return stroke of the piston, a pipealso in communication with the interior of the cylinder for the escape ot air therefrom during the iilling operation, said pipe being arranged to communicate 'with the cylinder during the filling thereof and said communication being automatically cut ed from said cylinder when the piston begins its working stroke, the said escapepipe and inlet-pipe being independent and the said piston acting to cut off communication between the interior of said cylinder and the said pipes, substantially as described.

2. In combination, a cylinderf, a piston p Working therein, a cylinder et surrounding the cylinder f,.a sleeve u within the cylinder a and in line with the cylinder f, a piston n in the cylinder n, working in unison with the piston p and connected therewith and pipes and t connected with the cylinder a, the said pipe t' supplying water under pressure to the cylinder @and the pipe t communicating with the cylinder tt and with the atmosphere, said cylinder a communicating with the forcing-cylinderf through a port o in the latter and communicating also with the space in the sleeve u, the said pipes 7l and t being independent of each other and the said pistonp acting to cut ott the inlet of water to the forcing-cylinder and also communication between said cylinder and the escape-pipe t, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES OAILLE.

Witnesses:

EMILE BERT, EDWARD P. MACLEAN, 

